ON THE ISSUE OF THE ACTIVITY AND LIQUIDATION OF NATIONAL PARTIES AND MOVEMENTS IN THE UKRAINIAN SSR IN THE 1920S OF THE 20TH CENTURY (BASED ON MATERIALS OF THE JEWISH COMMUNIST PARTY (POALEI-ZION)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54662/veresen.2.2026.11Keywords:
early totalitarianism, national organizations, one-party system, political parties, socialist movements, ZionismAbstract
This article analyzes the Jewish Communist Party (JCP) during the formation of the Soviet totalitarian system and Bolshevik socio-political transformations. Using archival sources from the Odesa Region, including circulars and minutes, the research highlights the mechanisms of the liquidation policy towards national parties in the Ukrainian SSR during the first Bolshevik decade. The author examines interaction patterns between the JCP and state authorities, outlining legal mechanisms used to suppress alternative socio-political forces. Special attention is paid to the ideologization of party agitation and cultural work among Jewish proletariat. The study explores the structural organization of the JCP (Poalei Zion) and its relations with factions remaining on socialist positions. After Bolshevik power consolidation, the one-party system intensified, leading to the displacement of alternative forces from the legal field, their forced self-dissolution, and subsequent merger into CP(b)U. The paper proves that the Bolshevik Party introduced the nihilistic concept of «proletarian consciousness», making the doctrine of «revolutionary expediency» the dominant ideologeme of the legal system. This doctrine aimed at the total subordination of public and political organizations to the state apparatus and the elimination of political opposition. Further evolution of the totalitarian system established constitutional norms that rendered the existence of non-Bolshevik parties impossible and restricted activities of public associations. Scientific novelty is defined by the introduction of new factual materials into scientific circulation, providing a comprehensive analysis of the formation of Bolshevik autocracy and the destruction of the political alternative in Ukraine during the 1920s.
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